Personal Pronouns
??????? ???????
| I | ??? |
| you | ??? |
| he / she / it | ?? / ?? / |
| we | ??? |
| you (plural) | ???? |
| they | ??/ ??/ ????? |
In English the use of “I” is always capital.
?? ????? ?????????? ???? "???" "I" ????? ????? ????? .
The use of “you” is formal and informal and can be singular or plural.
?????? "you" ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???.
Verb “TO BE”- Present
????? "TO BE" - ??????/ ???????.
The verb “TO BE” is very important in English. It is the sense of being ( am - is - was - were - be - being - been ). It is important to note to the Arabic student that "Am" and its' variants are the sense of being i.e. the verb "be" (as this confuses many Arabic speakers). So " I am Ahmed " = ??? ????
????? BE ??? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ??? ???????? ( am - is - are - was - were - be - being - been ) ???? ?? "Am" ????????? ?? ????????? ????? " I am Ahmed " = ??? ????
Affirmative Form
??????? ????????
Note that "I'm" etc. are contracted forms of the longer words.
???? ?? "I'm" ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
| I ??? |
I am → I’m ??? ???? |
| you ??? |
you are → you’re ??? ???? |
| he she it ?? / ?? / |
he is → he’s ?? ????/ ?? ????/ ??? ???? (??????) |
| we ??? |
we are → we’re ??? ???? |
| you (plural) ???? |
you are → you’re (???) ???? ?????? |
| they ??/ ??/ ????? |
they are → they’re ?? ?????? |
Very important: When translated into Arabic the "Am" is never translated because it is not needed for the meaning of to be in Arabic, hence students get immensely confused. Note that it was translated in the explanation above so the student can understand this. From now on it will not be translated as it sounds very unnatural.
??? ????: ?? ????? ????? Am ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? "??? ???? ????"????? ??? "??? ????"? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????. ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???? I am Ahmed ????? ??? ????.
Examples
?????:
- I am Canadian. → ??? ????.
- He is from Egipt. → ?? ?? ???.
- We are from China. → ??? ?? ?????.
- Today is Monday. → ????? ???????.
- I am in the school. → ??? ?? ???????.
- They are happy. → ?? ?????.
- Karim is in Vancouver. → ???? ?? ???????.
- I am 18 years old. → ??? ???? 18 ???.
- Sarah is 23 years old. → ???? ????? 23 ???.
Negative Form
????? ???????
Negative sentences are formed by placing "not" after the verb to be.
????? ??????? ???? ???? not ??? ????? "to be"
| I ??? |
I am not → I’m not ??? ??? |
| you ??? |
you are not → you’re not / you aren’t ??? ??? |
| he she it ?? / ?? / |
he is not→ he’s not / he isn’t she is not → she’s not / she isn’t it is not → it’s not / it isn’t ?? ???/ ?? ????/ ??? ??? |
| we ??? |
we are not → we’re not / we aren’t ??? ???? |
| you (plural) ???? |
you are not → you’re not / you aren’t ???? ???? |
| they ??/ ??/ ????? |
they are not → they’re not / they aren’t ???? ????? |
Examples
?????
- I am not Canadian. → ??? ??? ??????.
- He is not from Egypt. → ??? ??? ?? ???.
- We are not from China. → ??? ???? ?? ?????.
- Today is not Monday. → ????? ??? ???????.
- I am not in the school. → ??? ??? ?? ???????.
- They are not happy. → ???? ????? ?????.
- Karim is not in Vancouver. → ???? ??? ?? ???????.
- I am not 18 years old. → ???? ??? 18 ???.
- Sarah is not 23 years old. → ???? ???? 23 ???.
Exercise
Please open the exercise to continue.
?????? ????? ??? ???? Exercise ?????????.